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A Mixed Methods Approach to Analyzing the Role of AI Teammates in Transition Phases

Beau G. Schelble, Rohit Mallick, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 10(1), 1-26 · 2026

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingteam cognitionmethods

Human or AI Advice? Examining Trust, Influence, and Responsibility in Ethically-Charged Human-AI Team Decision-Making

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Heba Aly, Joseph B. Lyons, Nathan J. McNeese

Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 1-35 · 2026

Free PDFtrustAI ethicsdecision-making

Toward a Science of Human-AI Teaming for Decision-Making: A Complementarity Framework

Cleotilde Gonzalez, Kyle Donahue, Daniel Goldstein, Hoda Heidari, Mohammad Jalali, Beau G. Schelble, Aarti Singh, Anita W. Woolley

PNAS Nexus, 1-30 · 2026

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Addressing AI Vulnerabilities Through Human-Centered Approaches and Risk Frameworks

Shubham Sawant, Anjali Bhanu, Beau G. Schelble, Kapil Chalil Madathil

Advances in Human-AI Collaboration, John Wiley and Sons (in press) · 2026

Free PDFresponsible AIrisk frameworks

Modeling Human Behavior in Cybersecurity: Leveraging Structural Equation Modeling to Address Cognitive Biases and Enhance Defense Strategies

Nikolos Gurney, Peggy Wu, Kristin Molinaro, Fred Jones, Beau G. Schelble, Quanyan Zhu

Foundations of Cyber Deception, Springer Nature, pp. 155-180 · 2026

cybersecuritymethods

The Spread of Trust and Distrust in Human-AI Teams

Shiwen Zhou, Wen Duan, Xiaoyun Yin, Matthew J. Scalia, Ruihao Hao, Nan Weng, Gregory Funke, Michael Tolston, Guo Freeman, Beau G. Schelble, Jamie Gorman, Nathan J. McNeese

Applied Ergonomics, 130, Article 104648 · 2025

Free PDFtrusthuman-AI teamingteam cognition

Addressing the Role of Context on Trust in Human-AI Teams: The Influence of Team Role and Violation Type in High-Risk Tasks

Beau G. Schelble, Claire Textor, Rui Zhang, Jeremy Lopez, Noah Tavarez, Christine Ku, Nathan J. McNeese, Richard Pak, Guo Freeman, Chad Tossell, Ewart de Visser

Ergonomics, 1-21 · 2025

Free PDFtrusthigh-risk environmentshuman-AI teaming

Should AI Teammates Give All the Answers? Examining the Role of Different AI Information-Sharing Techniques on Team Cognition in Human-AI Teams

Beau G. Schelble, Rohit Mallick, Allyson I. Hauptman, Nathan J. McNeese

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 42(4), 2463-2488 · 2025

Free PDFinformation sharingteam cognitionhuman-AI teaming

Ethical Adaptation: Exploring the Use of Adaptive Autonomy in the Design of Ethical AI Teammates in Healthcare

Allyson I. Hauptman, Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Rohit Mallick, Jeremy Macdonald, Nathan J. McNeese

AI and Ethics, 5(5), 5397-5414 · 2025

Free PDFAI ethicsadaptive autonomyhealthcare

Examining the Role of AI Information-Sharing on Trust in Human-AI Teams

Beau G. Schelble, Gracyn Filer, Christopher Flathmann, Kapil Chalil Madathil

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · 2025

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Leveraging Generative AI to Create Lightweight Simulations for Far-Future Autonomous Teammates

Christopher Flathmann, Christian Ihekweazu, Beau G. Schelble

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · 2025

Free PDFgenerative AIsimulationmethods

An Analysis of Ethical Rationales and Their Impact on the Perceived Moral Persona of AI Teammates

Subhasree Sengupta, Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese, Joseph B. Lyons

AI and Ethics, 5, 2667-2679 · 2024

Free PDFAI ethicshuman-AI teaming

Modeling Perceived Information Needs in Human-AI Teams: Improving AI Teammate Utility and Driving Team Cognition

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Jeremy Macdonald, Bart Knijnenburg, Camden Brady, Nathan J. McNeese

Behaviour & Information Technology, 44(9), 2069-2092 · 2024

Free PDFinformation sharingteam cognitionhuman-AI teaming

What You Say vs What You Do: Utilizing Positive Emotional Expressions to Relay AI Teammate Intent within Human-AI Teams

Rohit Mallick, Christopher Flathmann, Wen Duan, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 192, 103355 · 2024

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Understanding the Influence of AI Autonomy on AI Explainability in Human-AI Teams Using a Mixed Methods Approach

Allyson I. Hauptman, Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Wen Duan, Nathan J. McNeese

Cognition, Technology and Work, 26, 435-455 · 2024

Free PDFexplainabilityadaptive autonomymethods

A Comment on "Can You Outsmart the Robot? An Unexpected Path to Work Meaningfulness": Calling for a Different Path for the Future of Human-Robot Teaming

Thomas A. O'Neill, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese, S. Jones, Beau G. Schelble

Academy of Management Discoveries, 10(1), 150-153 · 2024

Free PDFfuture of workhuman-AI teaming

I Know This Looks Bad, But I Can Explain: Understanding When AI Should Explain Actions In Human-AI Teams

Rui Zhang, Christopher Flathmann, Geoff Musick, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese, Bart Knijnenburg, Wen Duan

ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems, 14(1), 1-23 · 2024

🏆 Selected as Featured Article, ACM TiiS (2023 & 2024)Free PDFexplainabilitytrusthuman-AI teaming

A Comparative Evaluation of Ad Hoc Team Performance, Effectiveness, and Interactions in Modern Collaborative Technology

Beau G. Schelble, Caitlin Lancaster, Rohit Mallick, Nathan J. McNeese, Guo Freeman, Richard Pak

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 68(1), 1254-1260 · 2024

Free PDFteam cognitioncollaborative technology

Empirical Impacts of Independent and Collaborative Training on Task Performance and Improvement in Human-AI Teams

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Alexandra Galeano

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 68(1), 1447-1453 · 2024

Free PDFtraininghuman-AI teaming

The Role of Autonomy Levels and Contextual Risk in Designing Safer AI Teammates

Allyson I. Hauptman, Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese

2024 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems, pp. 1-7 · 2024

Free PDFadaptive autonomysafetyhigh-risk environments

The Purposeful Presentation of AI Teammates: Impacts on Human Acceptance and Perception

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese, Bart Knijnenburg, Anand Gramopadhye, Kapil Chalil Madathil

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 40(20), 6510-6527 · 2023

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingacceptance

The Complex Relationship of AI Ethics and Trust in Human-AI Teaming: Insights from Advanced Real-World Subject Matter Experts

Jeremy Lopez, Claire Textor, Caitlin Lancaster, Beau G. Schelble, Guo Freeman, Rui Zhang, Nathan J. McNeese, Richard Pak

AI and Ethics, 4(4), 1213-1233 · 2023

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Examining the Impact of Varying Levels of AI Teammate Influence on Human-AI Teams

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Patrick J. Rosopa, Nathan J. McNeese, Rohit Mallick, Kapil Chalil Madathil

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 177, 103061 · 2023

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingteam dynamics

Understanding the Impact and Design of AI Teammate Etiquette

Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese, Beau G. Schelble, Bart Knijnenburg, Guo Freeman

Human-Computer Interaction, 39(5-6), 444-471 · 2023

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingdesign

The Effect of Ethical and Unethical AI Actions on Outcomes of Trust and Performance in Human-AI Teams

Beau G. Schelble, Caitlin Lancaster, Wen Duan, Rohit Mallick, Nathan J. McNeese, Jeremy Lopez

Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · 2023

Free PDFAI ethicstrusthuman-AI teaming

Selective Sharing is Caring: Toward the Design of a Collaborative Tool to Facilitate Team Sharing

Geoff Musick, Beau G. Schelble, Rohit Mallick, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 428-437 · 2023

Free PDFinformation sharingdesign

Refocusing Human-AI Interaction Through a Teamwork Lens

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese

Handbook on Virtual Work, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 109-127 · 2023

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingfuture of work

I See You: Examining the Role of Spatial Information in Human-Agent Teams

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Geoff Musick, Nathan J. McNeese, Guo Freeman

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 6(CSCW2), 1-27 · 2022

Free PDFsituational awarenesshuman-AI teaming

Adapt and Overcome: Perceptions of Adaptive Autonomous Agents for Human-AI Teaming

Allyson I. Hauptman, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese, Kapil Chalil Madathil

Computers in Human Behavior, 138, 107451 · 2022

Free PDFadaptive autonomyhuman-AI teaming

Towards Ethical AI: Empirically Investigating Dimensions of AI Ethics, Trust, and Performance in Human-AI Teaming

Beau G. Schelble, Jeremy Lopez, Claire Textor, Rui Zhang, Nathan J. McNeese, Richard Pak, Guo Freeman

Human Factors, 66(4), 1037-1055 · 2022

Free PDFAI ethicstrusthuman-AI teaming

Exploring the Relationship Between Ethics and Trust in Human-AI Teaming: A Mixed Methods Approach

Claire Textor, Rui Zhang, Jeremy Lopez, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese, Guo Freeman, Richard Pak, Chad Tossell, Ewart J. de Visser

Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 16(4), 252-281 · 2022

🏆 Best Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making Article of 2022Free PDFAI ethicstrustmethods

Investigating the Effects of Perceived Teammate Artificiality on Human Performance and Cognition

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese, Thomas A. O'Neill, Richard Pak, Moses Namara

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 39(13), 2686-2701 · 2022

Free PDFteam cognitionhuman-AI teaming

Let's Think Together! Assessing Shared Mental Models, Performance, and Trust in Human-Agent Teams

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese, Guo Freeman, Rohit Mallick

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 6(GROUP), 1-29 · 2022

🏆 Best Paper Honorable Mention, ACM GROUPFree PDFshared mental modelstrustteam cognition

Adaptive Autonomy as A Means for Implementing Shared Ethics in Human-AI Teams

Allyson I. Hauptman, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium on AI Engineering, pp. 1-7 · 2022

Free PDFadaptive autonomyAI ethics

Addressing the Spread of Trust and Distrust in Distributed Human-AI Teaming Constellations

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Matthew Scalia, Shiwen Zhou, Christopher Myers, Nathan J. McNeese, Jamie Gorman, Guo Freeman

Workshop on Trust and Reliance in AI-Human Teams (TRAIT), ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22) · 2022

Free PDFtrusthuman-AI teaming

Who/What is My Teammate? Team Composition Considerations in Human-AI Teaming

Nathan J. McNeese, Beau G. Schelble, Lorenzo Barberis Canonico, Mustafa Demir

IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 51(4), 288-299 · 2021

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingteam composition

What Happens When Humans Believe Their Teammate is an AI? An Investigation into Humans Teaming with Autonomy

Geoff Musick, Thomas A. O'Neill, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese, Jonn Henke

Computers in Human Behavior, 122, 106825 · 2021

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingperception

Fostering Human-Agent Team Leadership by Leveraging Human Teaming Principles

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems, pp. 1-6 · 2021

Free PDFleadershiphuman-AI teaming

Modeling and Guiding the Creation of Ethical Human-AI Teams

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Rui Zhang, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, pp. 469-479 · 2021

Free PDFAI ethicshuman-AI teaming

Understanding Human-AI Cooperation Through Game Theory and Reinforcement Learning Models

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Lorenzo Barberis Canonico, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 348-358 · 2021

🏆 Nominated for Best Overall Paper AwardFree PDFreinforcement learningmethodshuman-AI teaming

Human-Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature

Thomas A. O'Neill, Nathan J. McNeese, Amy Barron, Beau G. Schelble

Human Factors, 64(5), 904-938 · 2020

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingreview

Designing Human-Autonomy Teaming Experiments Through Reinforcement Learning

Beau G. Schelble, Lorenzo Barberis Canonico, Nathan J. McNeese, Jack Carroll, Casey Hird

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 1426-1430 · 2020

Free PDFreinforcement learningmethods

Invoking Principles of Groupware to Develop and Evaluate Present and Future Human-Agent Teams

Christopher Flathmann, Beau G. Schelble, Brock Tubre, Nathan J. McNeese, Paige Rodeghero

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 15-24 · 2020

🏆 Best Overall Paper Award, HAI 2020Free PDFhuman-AI teamingdesign

Towards Meaningfully Integrating Human-Autonomy Teaming in Applied Settings

Beau G. Schelble, Christopher Flathmann, Nathan J. McNeese

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 149-156 · 2020

Free PDFhuman-AI teamingapplied settings